Which coffee has more caffeine: comparing different varieties and preparation methods

Nutriciologist

“Caffeine is a naturally occurring substance. It is found in coffee beans, tea, cocoa and other products. Let’s understand where there is more of it, as well as its beneficial and harmful properties.”

Effect of caffeine on the body

Caffeine, a chemical substance from the group of xanthines, has a great impact on the human body: both positive and negative.

Pros

Stimulation of the central nervous system

The substance blocks the action of adenosine, a neurotransmitter that inhibits nervous system activity and promotes drowsiness. This results in CNS stimulation, improved wakefulness and increased energy levels.

Improved physical performance

Caffeine mobilizes fat from fat cells, increasing its availability as an energy source, which improves physical performance especially during moderate to high intensity exercise.

Increased adrenaline levels

CNS stimulation also leads to increased release of adrenaline, the hormone responsible for wakefulness, increased heart rate and respiratory expansion.

Improved cognitive function

It can improve various aspects of cognitive function such as attention, reaction, and concentration. These effects are particularly noticeable in conditions of fatigue.

Cons

Insomnia

Coffee blocks adenosine, a mediator of intercellular signaling in many tissues. This can be accompanied by a disruption of the natural sleep-wake cycle. As a result – insomnia with excessive consumption of the invigorating substance, especially closer to the evening.

Diuretic action

Caffeine has a weak diuretic effect, which means it can lead to fluid loss. This is important to consider to keep the body hydrated when consuming it.

Effect on hormonal balance

Consumption affects insulin production, which has an effect on metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Risk of addiction

Long-term and excessive consumption of caffeine can cause physical dependence. In its absence, withdrawal symptoms such as headache and irritability are possible.

Effects on the cardiovascular system

Moderate use of this substance is generally safe for the cardiovascular system. However, excess is capable of causing an increase in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate.

Types of coffee and their caffeine content

Coffee is a beverage with a rich history and many varieties, each with its own unique characteristics.

1- Arabica (Coffea arabica)

It is considered a high quality and flavorful variety of coffee. Its beans have a complex flavor with acidity and fruity notes. Arabica usually contains less of an invigorating substance than Robusta, about 1-1.5% caffeine.

2. Robusta (Coffea canephora).

This variety grows in environments with high temperatures and has a stronger flavor with a pronounced bitterness. It is often used in many blends. Robusta contains a high percentage of caffeine, usually around 2-2.7%.

3. liberica (Coffea liberica).

This type of coffee grows in western and central Africa. It has a distinctive flavor with woody and fruity notes. The caffeine content of liberica is usually between 0.8% and 1.2% of Arabica and Robusta.

4. excelsa (Coffea excelsa or Liberica var. dewevrei).

Grows in West and Central Africa. It is characterized by bright fruity notes and a unique aroma. Similar to Liberica, the caffeine content of excelsa is usually medium, 0.6-1.5%.

5. Robusta harare (Coffea canephora var. hararica)

This subspecies of Robusta is grown in the Harare region of Ethiopia. It has a bright flavor with fruity and floral notes. As a rule, it has more caffeine than Arabica – 2-2.5%.

6. Geisha (Coffea arabica var. geisha)

Geisha, grown in Panama and other regions, is considered one of the most expensive and refined varieties of coffee. Its beans have a refined flavor with distinct floral and fruity tones. The caffeine content in Geisha is lower compared to Robusta – about 1.25%

Which drinks have more caffeine?

The caffeine content in different drinks depends on several factors. These include the type of coffee, its volume, and the ratio with other ingredients.

Espresso

Volume: 30 ml.

Caffeine content: 127-198 mg.

Latte

Volume: 400 ml.

Caffeine content: 200 to 360 mg.

Americano

Volume: 120 ml.

Caffeine content: approximately 85 to 117 mg.

Cappuccino

Volume: 180 ml.

Caffeine content: approximately 100-136 mg.

Does roasting affect the caffeine content?

Caffeine is resistant to high temperatures. This means that the substance remains stable during roasting of the beans. It affects the flavor and aroma, but does not significantly change the chemical composition.

The variety of coffee bean and the degree of roasting affect the initial amount of caffeine. Dark roasting can give coffee a richer flavor, but it is not associated with an increase in the invigorating substance. It may be more pronounced in ground as its surface area is increased.

Do brewing methods affect caffeine content?

Each of the following methods has its own unique character and affects the flavor and texture of the coffee.

Turque brewing

Finely ground coffee is mixed with water in a turbine, heated over low heat without letting the water boil until foam forms. The caffeine content does not change.

Capsule coffee maker

A capsule with a pre-measured amount of coffee is placed in a special compartment. The coffee maker pierces the capsule, delivers pressurized hot water through the coffee and prepares the beverage. The capsules are pre-dosed. Here the concentration of caffeine can be medium.

Automatic coffee machine

Here everything is as simple as possible: coffee beans, water are loaded into the coffee machine, and a program is selected. The machine automatically grinds the coffee, supplies water and makes coffee. The caffeine content does not change.

Geyser coffee maker

The bottom part of the coffee maker contains water and the top part contains ground coffee. When heated, the water soaks the coffee and rises through the tube, resembling the eruption of a geyser. Contains a higher concentration of caffeine due to the prolonged contact between the water and the coffee powder.

French Press

Ground coffee is mixed with hot water in the cylinder of a French press. After the beverage has infused, the piston is lowered to separate the coffee from the sediment. The caffeine content does not change.

Which caffeine is healthier?

Tea and coffee contain naturally occurring caffeine. In moderate doses, it is safe and has positive health effects. It is also able to be released gradually, resulting in stable energy over a long period of time.

A safe daily amount of caffeine for an adult is no more than 300 milligrams.

Energy drinks, in addition to caffeine, often contain added ingredients such as sugar, taurine, and vitamins. The natural substance in energy drinks has a high concentration. Its consumption should be monitored to avoid possible negative effects.